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UBV(RI)C JHK observations of Hipparcos-selected nearby stars
We present homogeneous, standardized UBV(RI)C photometry forover 700 nearby stars selected on the basis of Hipparcos parallaxes.Additionally, we list JHK photometry for about half of these stars, aswell as L photometry for 86 of the brightest. A number of stars withpeculiar colours or anomalous locations in various colour-magnitudediagrams are discussed.
| The M dwarf planet search programme at the ESO VLT + UVES. A search for terrestrial planets in the habitable zone of M dwarfs
We present radial velocity (RV) measurements of our sample of 40 Mdwarfs from our planet search programme with VLT+UVES begun in 2000.Although with our RV precision down to 2-2.5 m/s and timebase line of upto 7 years, we are capable of finding planets of a few Earth masses inthe close-in habitable zones of M dwarfs, there is no detection of aplanetary companion. To demonstrate this we present mass detectionlimits allowing us to exclude Jupiter-mass planets up to 1 AU for mostof our sample stars. We identified 6 M dwarfs that host a brown dwarf orlow-mass stellar companion. With the exception of these, all othersample stars show low RV variability with an rms <20 m/s. Some highproper motion stars exhibit a linear RV trend consistent with theirsecular acceleration. Furthermore, we examine our data sets for apossible correlation between RVs and stellar activity as seen invariations of the Hα line strength. For Barnard's star we found asignificant anticorrelation, but most of the sample stars do not showsuch a correlation.Based on observations collected at the European Southern Observatory,Paranal Chile, ESO programmes 65.L-0428, 66.C-0446, 267.C-5700,68.C-0415, 69.C-0722, 70.C-0044, 71.C-0498, 072.C-0495, 173.C-0606,078.C-0829. Radial velocity data are available in electronic form at theCDS via anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/qcat?J/A+A/505/859
| Observation and modelling of main-sequence stellar chromospheres - VII. Rotation and metallicity of dM1 stars
We have measured v sini and metallicity from high-resolutionspectroscopic observations of a selected sample of dM1-type stars.To measure v sini, we first selected three template stars known fortheir slow rotation or their very low activity levels and thencross-correlated their spectra with those of our target stars. Theexcess broadening of the cross-correlation peaks gives v sini. Formetallicity, we compiled all available measurements from the literatureand correlated them with the stellar radius. Provided the parallax isknown, this new method allows us to derive metallicities for all ourtarget stars.We measured v sini to an accuracy of 2 kms-1. These valueswere combined with other measurements taken from the literature. We havedetected rotation in seven dM1e stars and 11 dM1 stars and upper limitsfor 20 other dM1 stars. Our results show that the distribution of therotation period may be bimodal for dM1 stars, i.e. there are two groupsof stars: the fast rotators with Prot ~ 6 d and the slowrotators with Prot ~ 24 d. There is a gap between these twogroups.We obtained a correlation between metallicity and stellar radius whichallows us to derive metallicities for all stars in our sample and moregenerally for all dM1 stars with [M/H] in the range -1.5 to 0.5 dex,with a reasonable accuracy. We compare this correlation to models andfind a significant disagreement in radii. However, the observed shape ofthe correlation is globally reproduced by the models. We derive themetallicity for 87 M1 dwarfs and subdwarfs.Based on observations collected at Observatoire de Haute Provence andthe European Southern Observatory and on Hipparcos parallaxmeasurements.E-mail: eric_houdebine@yahoo.fr
| The effect of activity on stellar temperatures and radii
Context: Recent analyses of low-mass eclipsing binary stars haveunveiled a significant disagreement between the observations andpredictions of stellar structure models. Results show that theoreticalmodels underestimate the radii and overestimate the effectivetemperatures of low-mass stars but yield luminosities that accord withobservations. A hypothesis based upon the effects of stellar activitywas put forward to explain the discrepancies. Aims: In this paper westudy the existence of the same trend in single active stars and providea consistent scenario to explain systematic differences between activeand inactive stars in the H-R diagram reported earlier. Methods: Theanalysis is done using single field stars of spectral types late-K and Mand computing their bolometric magnitudes and temperatures throughinfrared colours and spectral indices. The properties of the stars insamples of active and inactive stars are compared statistically toreveal systematic differences. Results: After accounting for a numberof possible bias effects, active stars are shown to be cooler thaninactive stars of similar luminosity therefore implying a larger radiusas well, in proportions that are in excellent agreement with those foundfrom eclipsing binaries. Conclusions: The present results generalisethe existence of strong radius and temperature dependences on stellaractivity to the entire population of low-mass stars, regardless of theirmembership in close binary systems.Tables 1 and 2 are only available in electronic form at the CDS viaanonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/qcat?J/A+A/478/507
| Further observations of Hipparcos red stars and standards for UBV(RI)C photometry
We present homogeneous and standardized UBV(RI)C JHKphotometry for over 100 M stars selected from an earlier paper on thebasis of apparent photometric constancy. L photometry has been obtainedfor stars brighter than about L = 6. Most of the stars have asubstantial number of UBV(RI)C observations and, it is hoped,will prove useful as red supplementary standards. Additionally, we listJHK photometry for nearly 300 Hipparcos red stars not selected asstandards, as well as L photometry for the brightest stars.
| Improved Astrometry and Photometry for the Luyten Catalog. II. Faint Stars and the Revised Catalog
We complete construction of a catalog containing improved astrometry andnew optical/infrared photometry for the vast majority of NLTT starslying in the overlap of regions covered by POSS I and by the secondincremental Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) release, approximately 44%of the sky. The epoch 2000 positions are typically accurate to 130 mas,the proper motions to 5.5 mas yr-1, and the V-J colors to0.25 mag. Relative proper motions of binary components are measured to 3mas yr-1. The false-identification rate is ~1% for11<~V<~18 and substantially less at brighter magnitudes. Theseimprovements permit the construction of a reduced proper-motion diagramthat, for the first time, allows one to classify NLTT stars intomain-sequence (MS) stars, subdwarfs (SDs), and white dwarfs (WDs). We inturn use this diagram to analyze the properties of both our catalog andthe NLTT catalog on which it is based. In sharp contrast to popularbelief, we find that NLTT incompleteness in the plane is almostcompletely concentrated in MS stars, and that SDs and WDs are detectedalmost uniformly over the sky δ>-33deg. Our catalogwill therefore provide a powerful tool to probe these populationsstatistically, as well as to reliably identify individual SDs and WDs.
| Hipparcos red stars in the HpV_T2 and V I_C systems
For Hipparcos M, S, and C spectral type stars, we provide calibratedinstantaneous (epoch) Cousins V - I color indices using newly derivedHpV_T2 photometry. Three new sets of ground-based Cousins V I data havebeen obtained for more than 170 carbon and red M giants. These datasetsin combination with the published sources of V I photometry served toobtain the calibration curves linking Hipparcos/Tycho Hp-V_T2 with theCousins V - I index. In total, 321 carbon stars and 4464 M- and S-typestars have new V - I indices. The standard error of the mean V - I isabout 0.1 mag or better down to Hp~9 although it deteriorates rapidly atfainter magnitudes. These V - I indices can be used to verify thepublished Hipparcos V - I color indices. Thus, we have identified ahandful of new cases where, instead of the real target, a random fieldstar has been observed. A considerable fraction of the DMSA/C and DMSA/Vsolutions for red stars appear not to be warranted. Most likely suchspurious solutions may originate from usage of a heavily biased color inthe astrometric processing.Based on observations from the Hipparcos astrometric satellite operatedby the European Space Agency (ESA 1997).}\fnmsep\thanks{Table 7 is onlyavailable in electronic form at the CDS via anonymous ftp tocdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/qcat?J/A+A/397/997
| Optical Observations and Orbital Parameters of the Close DA plus dMe Binaries BPM 71214, EUVE J0720-31.7, BPM 6502, and EC 13471-1258
We have obtained photometric and spectroscopic observations of the closeDA plus dMe binaries BPM 6502 and EC 13471-1258, and spectroscopicobservations of the close binaries BPM 71214 and EUVE J0720-31.7. Wehave updated the ephemerides of BPM 6502 and EUVE J0720-31.7 with thespectroscopic measurements and obtained periods of 0.20162 and 0.15074days for BPM 71214 and EC 13471-1258, respectively, by measuring theshift in H? emission. Photometric variations in R and I due toreprocessing of incoming radiation from the hot white dwarf wereobserved in BPM 6502. We have also observed eclipses and ellipsoidalvariations in B and R for EC 13471-1258, suggesting that the secondaryis nearly filling its Roche lobe.
| UBV(RI)C photometry of Hipparcos red stars
We present homogeneous and standardized UBV(RI)C photometryfor nearly 550 M stars selected from the Hipparcos satellite data baseusing the following selection criteria: lack of obvious variability (noHipparcos variability flag); δ<+10°(V-I)>1.7 and Vmagnitude fainter than about 7.6. Comparisons are made between thecurrent photometry, other ground-based data sets and Hipparcosphotometry. We use linear discriminant analysis to determine aluminosity segregation criterion for late-type stars, and principalcomponent analysis to study the statistical structure of the colourindices and to calibrate absolute magnitude in terms of (V-I) for thedwarf stars. Various methods are used to determine the mean absolutemagnitude of the giant stars. We find 10 dwarf stars, apparentlypreviously unrecognized (prior to Hipparcos) as being within 25pc,including five within 20pc.
| Revised Coordinates and Proper Motions of the Stars in the Luyten Half-Second Catalog
We present refined coordinates and proper-motion data for the highproper-motion (HPM) stars in the Luyten Half-Second (LHS) catalog. Thepositional uncertainty in the original Luyten catalog is typicallygreater than 10" and is often greater than 30". We have used the digitalscans of the POSS I and POSS II plates to derive more accurate positionsand proper motions of the objects. Out of the 4470 candidates in the LHScatalog, 4323 objects were manually reidentified in the POSS I and POSSII scans. A small fraction of the stars were not found because of thelack of finder charts and digitized POSS II scans. The uncertainties inthe revised positions are typically ~2" but can be as high as ~8" in afew cases, which is a large improvement over the original data.Cross-correlation with the Tycho-2 and Hipparcos catalogs yielded 819candidates (with mR<~12). For these brighter sources, theposition and proper-motion data were replaced with the more accurateTycho-2/Hipparcos data. In total, we have revised proper-motionmeasurements and coordinates for 4040 stars and revised coordinates for4330 stars. The electronic version of the paper5 contains the updated information on all 4470stars in the LHS catalog.
| High proper motion stars with declinations between -30o and -40o, and right ascensions between 00 h and 10 h 40 m
Proper motions, positions, finding charts and magnitudes are given for147 newly discovered stars with proper motions larger than 0.15arcsec/year. They were found in a search for high proper motion starscarried out in thirteen 5o x 5o areas, locatedbetween -30o and -40o in declination, and 00 h and10 h 40 m in right ascension. Their blue photographic magnitudes rangefrom approximately 9.0 to 18.5. Nine objects from the above sample haveproper motions larger than 0.4 (0.404 to 0.550) arcsec/year. The sametype of data is also presented for 149 Luyten Catalogue (LTT, Luyten\cite{Luyten57}) stars re-discovered during the above search. Anestimated precision level between 6 and 22 mas/year was achieved for theproper motions. Tables 2 and 3 are only available in electronic form atthe CDS, via anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5), or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/qcat?J/A+A/367/725 Figures 4 and 5are only available in electronic form at http://www.edpsciences.org
| Catalogue of Apparent Diameters and Absolute Radii of Stars (CADARS) - Third edition - Comments and statistics
The Catalogue, available at the Centre de Données Stellaires deStrasbourg, consists of 13 573 records concerning the results obtainedfrom different methods for 7778 stars, reported in the literature. Thefollowing data are listed for each star: identifications, apparentmagnitude, spectral type, apparent diameter in arcsec, absolute radiusin solar units, method of determination, reference, remarks. Commentsand statistics obtained from CADARS are given. The Catalogue isavailable in electronic form at the CDS via anonymous ftp tocdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/qcar?J/A+A/367/521
| Astrometric positions of stars with high proper motions in the Southern Hemisphere
Several stars with large proper motions, cited by W.J. Luyten, wereincluded in the preliminary programme for the HIPPARCOS mission. Whenperforming preparatory measurements of plates, difficulties wereencountered in identifying certain of these stars when relying only onpublished coordinates. We have taken advantage of this work whichrelates to the southern sky in order to determine the astrometricposition of the greatest possible number of these objects, even forthose which were not included in the programme. Catalogue is onlyavailable in electronic form at the CDS via anonymous ftp tocdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/Abstract.html
| The Palomar/MSU Nearby Star Spectroscopic Survey.II.The Southern M Dwarfs and Investigation of Magnetic Activity
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1996AJ....112.2799H&db_key=AST
| The general catalogue of trigonometric [stellar] paralaxes
Not Available
| Lower chromospheric activity in low activity M dwarfs
Four low activity dM(e) stars Gl 105B, Gl 643, Gl 813 and Gl 821 wereobserved spectroscopically in the optical and ultraviolet regions.Despite relatively long integrations, only one of the four haddetectable Ca II K&H emission, Gl 821, which had an observed flux of9 10^-15^ erg/cm2/s, giving a surface flux of only 0.8 10^4^ erg/cm2/s.Similarly, the IUE observations implied very weak Mg II emission. In oneof these stars, Gl 813, the Mg II h&k surface flux was less than 0.410^4^ erg/cm2/s, which is a factor of two less than the previous knownweakest dM(e) star, Gl 105B. Using radiative transfer techniques the CaII H&K fluxes have been derived for a range of model atmospheres.The zero H? flux can be produced by a range of models, this lineis therefore a rather poor constraint for the lower atmosphere. On theother hand, the Ca II K flux can be dramatically effected by simplyvarying the temperature minimum. Comparing our calculations to theobservational data, we find that the Ca II H&K surface fluxes cannotbe reproduced with T_min_ 3000K. However, decreasing the temperatureminimum by less than 400K produces Ca II H&K fluxes of the order of10^3^ erg/cm2/s, in very good agreement with the weakest dM(e) stars.
| Far infrared properties of late type dwarfs. Infrared fluxes of K & M dwarfs
IRAS fluxes/upper limits are presented for a large sample of K and Mdwarfs. Good agreement is found between the 12 micrometer fluxes andthose derived from the photospheric models of Mould (1976).Relationships between the optical and infrared colors are derived. Theactive dMe/dKe stars appear systematically brighter in the infraredcompared with the less active dM/dK stars, which could be attributed tomore efficient nonradiative heating in their atmosphere. Any systematicdifferences found in our results when compared with those obtained fromprevious studies are attributed to the different analysis packages used.
| The importance of surface inhomogeneities for K and M dwarf chromospheric fluxes
We present published and archived spectroscopic and spectrophotometricdata of H-alpha, Ca II, Mg II, and X-rays for a large sample of K and Mdwarfs. The data set points to the importance that surfaceinhomogeneities have in the flux luminosity diagrams in these late-typedwarfs, irrespective of whether the Balmer lines are in emission orabsorption. Although supporting the fact that cooler stars exhibitincreasing levels of surface activity, evident through an increasingincidence of Balmer emission, surface inhomogeneities, or variations inthe local temperature and density structure, at the chromospheric level,dominate the total Ca II and Mg II fluxes. We show that the flux-fluxand luminosity-luminosity relations indicate differing extents ofinhomogeneity from the chromosphere through to the corona. A goodcorrelation between Ca II and Mg II fluxes indicates that they areformed in overlapping regions of the chromosphere, so that thecontribution of surface inhomogeneities is not evident from thisparticular flux-flux diagram. In the region of the upper chromospherethrough to the transition and corona, the correlation between Ly-alphaand X-ray fluxes indicates regions with similar levels of arealinhomogeneity. This appears to be uncorrelated with that at thechromospheric level.
| Infrared colors of low-mass stars
A total of 322 red dwarf stars are studied in a review of IR IJHKphotometry to discern chromospheric activity and kinematic dataregarding metallicity effects in the IR color:color diagrams. Themetallicity variations are employed to assess changes in the H(-)continuum opacity and water-vapor characterizations. The stars areclassified in terms of metal-richness with five categories includingyoung disk, old disk, and halo types with attention given to the inverserelationship between metallicity and water-band absorption strength. Theresults include IR photometric parallax relations for each metallicitygroup and absolute magnitudes for single stars as well as temperatures,intrinsic colors, and spectral types. The body of data is useful forconstraining models of the interiors and atmospheres of this class ofstars.
| Chromospheric diagnostics in late-type stars
Moderate and low resolution spectroscopic observations of late typedwarfs covering a broad range of activity are presented. The strength ofthe TiO band in 4762 A is used for spectral classification. Calibratedfluxes for the Balmer and the Ca II H and K lines are derived. H-alphaequivalent widths are given for those stars where the line is inabsorption as well as those in emission. It is confirmed that stars withno detectable or very weak H-alpha do exist. It is also shown that starswith very weak or no detectable emission in Ca II H and K also exist,this occurring preferentially in late M dwarfs. Although this can beexplained in terms of reduced nonradiative heating in the chromosphere,the results cannot be conclusive due to the limited resolution of thedata.
| The 8190-A Sodium Doublet in Cataclysmic Variables - Part Two - too Cool for Comfort
In this paper we present the results of time-resolved spectroscopy inthe near-infrared of five cataclysmic variables: U Gem, SS Aur, BDPav, DO Dra and CN Ori. The spectral region observed was chosen tocover the Na 1 doublet at ?8190 Å which is strong inlate-type dwarfs. Radial-velocity curves were measured for thesecondary stars and values for Kabs determined for eachobject. For DO Dra an improved orbital period of 3.969±0.003 hrwas derived.U Gem and SS Aur showed significant apparent eccentricities of0.027±0.012 and 0.17±0.07, respectively. This distortionof the radial-velocity curve is probably caused by line quenching dueto irradiation of the secondary, or contamination of the spectrum byemission from the disc, or a combination of the two. For U Gem theapparent eccentricity was used to correct the observed Kabsfor these effects. Mass ranges were derived for all the objects. For U Gem, which has themost closely constrained result, the secondary mass is larger thanpredicted using main-sequence mass-period relations. Spectral-typeestimates for U Gem and DO Dra are also later than expected if thesecondary obeys an empirical main-sequence mass-radius relation. It isconcluded that the assumption of main-sequence status for thesecondary star should be used with caution.
| Catalogue of Variable or Suspected Stars Nearby the Sun
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1990A&AS...85..971P&db_key=AST
| Optical and infrared photometry of dwarf M and K stars
Absolute U, B, V, R, I, J, H, K, and L photometry are given for a groupof dwarf M and K stars. Using black-body fits to the data, bolometricluminosities and radii are derived. The derived bolometric luminositiesare good to + or - 10 percent and the effective temperatures to + or -100 K. A comparison is made with the values derived by other authors.The derived radii are 14 percent smaller than those derived from therevised Barnes et al. (1978) relation involving (V - R).
| BVRI photometry of the Gliese Catalogue stars
Photoelectri BVRI photometry on the Cousins (Kron-Cape) system has beenobtained for many of the southern faint stars in the Gliese Catalog(1969). This extends the work of Cousins (1980) and provides a uniformset of data for the nearby stars. Several red dwarfs are noted, whichwere used to define the red end of the Cousins system.
| UBV (RI)c photometry of faint nearby stars.
Not Available
| Catalog of proper-motion stars. III - Stars brighter than visual magnitude 15.1, south of declination +30 deg, and with annual proper motion between 0.5 and 0.7 arcsec
A catalog of (VRI) photometry for the some one thousand stars withannual proper motion between 0.5 and 0.7 arcsec, brighter than visualmagnitude 15.1, and south of declination +30 deg is presented. Theavailable proper-motion and radial-velocity data are also summarized.
| G. P. Kuiper's spectral classifications of proper-motion stars
Spectral classifications are listed for over 3200 stars, mainly of largeproper motion, observed and classified by Kuiper during the years1937-1944 at the Yerkes and McDonald Observatories. While Kuiper himselfpublished many of his types, and while improved classifications are nowavailable for many of these stars, much of value remains. For many ofthe objects, no other spectral data exist.
| Predicted infrared brightness of stars within 25 parsecs of the sun
Procedures are given for transforming selected optical data intoinfrared flux densities or irradiances. The results provide R, T(eff)blackbody approximations for about 2000 of the stars in Woolley et al.'sCatalog of Stars (1970) within 25 pc of the sun, and additional whitedwarfs, with infrared flux densities predicted for them at ninewavelengths from 2.2 to 101 microns including the Infrared AstronomySatellite bands.
| Studies of late-type dwarfs. II - A photometric metal abundance index and application to galactic evolution
Photometric and radial-velocity data are presented for 37 southernlate-type dwarf stars. With data from the literature for a larger sampleof stars, it is shown that late-type subdwarfs have deficiencies oflight in the blue region of the spectrum when compared with normal starsof the same (R - I) color. A photometric index that is a measure of theblue deficiency is defined and shown to correlate with the ultravioletexcess. The photometric index is also shown to correlate with thedynamical quantities of the star's orbit in the Galaxy.
| Spectrographic observations of beta Lyr during the international campaign of 1971.
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1975A&AS...19...57F
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Observation and Astrometry data
| Constellation: | Columba |
| Right ascension: | 05h47m40.58s |
| Declination: | -36°19'42.8" |
| Apparent magnitude: | 10.795 |
| Distance: | 14.99 parsecs |
| Proper motion RA: | 771.2 |
| Proper motion Dec: | -124 |
| B-T magnitude: | 12.497 |
| V-T magnitude: | 10.936 |
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