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 Observed Orbital EccentricitiesFor 391 spectroscopic and visual binaries with known orbital elementsand having B0-F0 IV or V primaries, we collected the derivedeccentricities. As has been found by others, those binaries with periodsof a few days have been circularized. However, those with periods up toabout 1000 or more days show reduced eccentricities that asymptoticallyapproach a mean value of 0.5 for the longest periods. For those binarieswith periods greater than 1000 days their distribution of eccentricitiesis flat from 0 to nearly 1, indicating that in the formation of binariesthere is no preferential eccentricity. The binaries with intermediateperiods (10-100 days) lack highly eccentric orbits. Tidal Effects in Binaries of Various PeriodsWe found in the published literature the rotational velocities for 162B0-B9.5, 152 A0-A5, and 86 A6-F0 stars, all of luminosity classes V orIV, that are in spectroscopic or visual binaries with known orbitalelements. The data show that stars in binaries with periods of less thanabout 4 days have synchronized rotational and orbital motions. Stars inbinaries with periods of more than about 500 days have the samerotational velocities as single stars. However, the primaries inbinaries with periods of between 4 and 500 days have substantiallysmaller rotational velocities than single stars, implying that they havelost one-third to two-thirds of their angular momentum, presumablybecause of tidal interactions. The angular momentum losses increase withdecreasing binary separations or periods and increase with increasingage or decreasing mass. Kinematics of Hipparcos Visual Binaries. II. Stars with Ground-Based Orbital SolutionsThis paper continues kinematical investigations of the Hipparcos visualbinaries with known orbits. A sample, consisting of 804 binary systemswith orbital elements determined from ground-based observations, isselected. The mean relative error of their parallaxes is about 12% andthe mean relative error of proper motions is about 4%. However, even 41%of the sample stars lack radial velocity measurements. The computedGalactic velocity components and other kinematical parameters are usedto divide the stars with known radial velocities into kinematical agegroups. The majority (92%) of binaries from the sample are thin diskstars, 7.6% have thick disk kinematics and only two binaries have halokinematics. Among them, the long-period variable Mira Ceti has a verydiscordant {Hipparcos} and ground-based parallax values. From the wholesample, 60 stars are ascribed to the thick disk and halo population.There is an urgent need to increase the number of the identified halobinaries with known orbits and substantially improve the situation withradial velocity data for stars with known orbits. BVRJK Photometry and a Spectroscopic Study of the Algol Short-Period Binary VV Ursae MajorisWe present the first light curves in the infrared J and K filters of VVUMa and analyze them, together with a new set of BVR light curvesobtained in different runs from 1997 to 2000. Based on the spectra of VVUMa and standard stars in the region 8440-8870 Å, we classify theprimary component of the binary as a type A1.5-2 V star. Evidence ofperiodic small-amplitude variations in the brightness of the system isfound and is more clear during the secondary eclipse orbital phases. Aperiodicity of about 0.51 hr is in good agreement with a previousfinding based on Strömgren photometry, pointing to a real origin inthe system, presumably on low-amplitude pulsations of the primary star.The analysis of the BVRJK light curves, using a code based on ATLASmodel atmospheres, yields new orbital and stellar parameters. We deriveeffective temperatures Teff=9250+/-150 K andTeff=5600+/-100 K for the primary and secondary star,respectively. We challenge the current view that VV UMa is a system withunusually low mass components for their spectral type, and analternative solution is proposed, allowing masses of the stars in theexpected range for their spectral types that are in reasonable agreementwith the available photometric and spectroscopic data. From thevisual-infrared photometry we find no evidence of a significant infraredexcess in the system, deriving an interstellar reddeningE(B-V)<=0.10. Rotational velocities of A-type stars in the northern hemisphere. II. Measurement of v sin iThis work is the second part of the set of measurements of v sin i forA-type stars, begun by Royer et al. (\cite{Ror_02a}). Spectra of 249 B8to F2-type stars brighter than V=7 have been collected at Observatoirede Haute-Provence (OHP). Fourier transforms of several line profiles inthe range 4200-4600 Å are used to derive v sin i from thefrequency of the first zero. Statistical analysis of the sampleindicates that measurement error mainly depends on v sin i and thisrelative error of the rotational velocity is found to be about 5% onaverage. The systematic shift with respect to standard values fromSlettebak et al. (\cite{Slk_75}), previously found in the first paper,is here confirmed. Comparisons with data from the literature agree withour findings: v sin i values from Slettebak et al. are underestimatedand the relation between both scales follows a linear law ensuremath vsin inew = 1.03 v sin iold+7.7. Finally, thesedata are combined with those from the previous paper (Royer et al.\cite{Ror_02a}), together with the catalogue of Abt & Morrell(\cite{AbtMol95}). The resulting sample includes some 2150 stars withhomogenized rotational velocities. Based on observations made atObservatoire de Haute Provence (CNRS), France. Tables \ref{results} and\ref{merging} are only available in electronic form at the CDS viaanonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.125.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/qcat?J/A+A/393/897 Metallicity estimates for A-, F-, and G-type stars from the Edinburgh-Cape Blue Object SurveyThe Edinburgh-Cape Blue Object Survey is an ongoing project to identifyand analyse a large sample of hot stars selected initially on the basisof photographic colours (down to a magnitude limit \fontshape{it}{B}\sim 18.0) over the entirehigh-Galactic-latitude southern sky, and then studied with broad-bandUBV photometry and medium-resolution spectroscopy. Due to unavoidableerrors in the initial candidate selection, stars that are likelymetal-deficient dwarfs and giants of the halo and thick-disc populationsare inadvertently included, yet are of interest in their own right. Inthis paper we discuss a total of 206 candidate metal-deficient dwarfs,subgiants, giants, and horizontal-branch stars with photoelectriccolours redder than (\fontshape{it}{B}-\fontshape{it}{V})0=0.3, andwith available spectroscopy. Radial velocities, accurate to~10-15kms-1, are presented for all of these stars.Spectroscopic metallicity estimates for these stars are obtained using arecently recalibrated relation between CaII K-line strength and(\fontshape{it}{B}-\fontshape{it}{V})0 colour.The identification of metal-poor stars from this colour-selectiontechnique is remarkably efficient, and competitive with previous surveymethods. An additional sample of 186 EC stars with photoelectric coloursin the range -0.4\leq(\fontshape{it}{B}-\fontshape{it}{V})0<0.3, composedprimarily of field horizontal-branch stars and other, higher gravity, A-and B-type stars, is also analysed. Estimates of the physical parametersTeff, logg, and [Fe/H] are obtained for cooler members ofthis subsample, and a number of candidate RR Lyrae variables areidentified. Speckle Interferometry of New and Problem Hipparcos Binaries. II. Observations Obtained in 1998-1999 from McDonald ObservatoryThe Hipparcos satellite made measurements of over 9734 known doublestars, 3406 new double stars, and 11,687 unresolved but possible doublestars. The high angular resolution afforded by speckle interferometrymakes it an efficient means to confirm these systems from the ground,which were first discovered from space. Because of its coverage of adifferent region of angular separation-magnitude difference(ρ-Δm) space, speckle interferometry also holds promise toascertain the duplicity of the unresolved Hipparcos problem'' stars.Presented are observations of 116 new Hipparcos double stars and 469Hipparcos problem stars,'' as well as 238 measures of other doublestars and 246 other high-quality nondetections. Included in these areobservations of double stars listed in the Tycho-2 Catalogue andpossible grid stars for the Space Interferometry Mission. ICCD Speckle Observations of Binary Stars. XXIII. Measurements during 1982-1997 from Six Telescopes, with 14 New OrbitsWe present 2017 observations of 1286 binary stars, observed by means ofspeckle interferometry using six telescopes over a 15 year period from1982 April to 1997 June. These measurements constitute the 23dinstallment in CHARA's speckle program at 2 to 4 m class telescopes andinclude the second major collection of measurements from the MountWilson 100 inch (2.5 m) Hooker Telescope. Orbital elements are alsopresented for 14 systems, seven of which have had no previouslypublished orbital analyses. Two-colour photometry for 9473 components of close Hipparcos double and multiple starsUsing observations obtained with the Tycho instrument of the ESAHipparcos satellite, a two-colour photometry is produced for componentsof more than 7 000 Hipparcos double and multiple stars with angularseparations 0.1 to 2.5 arcsec. We publish 9473 components of 5173systems with separations above 0.3 arcsec. The majority of them did nothave Tycho photometry in the Hipparcos catalogue. The magnitudes arederived in the Tycho B_T and V_T passbands, similar to the Johnsonpassbands. Photometrically resolved components of the binaries withstatistically significant trigonometric parallaxes can be put on an HRdiagram, the majority of them for the first time. Based on observationsmade with the ESA Hipparcos satellite. Micrometer Measurements of Southern Double Stars made at the National Observatory of Llano del Hato, VenezuelaThis paper reports 151 micrometer measurements of 66 double starsobserved with the 65-cm refractor at the Venezuelan National Observatoryat Llano del Hato, Mérida, during February 1997 and February1998. The Edinburgh-Cape Blue Object Survey - II. Zone 1 - the North Galactic CAPResults for Zone 1 of the Edinburgh-Cape (EC) Blue Object Survey arepresented. This zone covers that part of the North Galactic Cap morethan ~30 deg from the Galactic plane and south of about -12^ deg_.3declination (although a few fields north of this declination areincluded). The zone effectively complements the Palomar-Green Survey inthe North Galactic Cap, although the EC Survey should be more completeto a fainter limit (B=16.5 mag) and to somewhat redder stars (U-B bluerthan about -0.4). Zone 1 covers approximately 1560 deg^2 and contains675 blue objects for which we list equatorial coordinates accurate to ~1arcsec, UBV photoelectric photometry, and spectral types determined frommoderate-dispersion (100 A mm^-1) spectrograms. ICCD Speckle Observations of Binary Stars. XVI. Measurements During 1982-1989 from the Perkins 1.8-M Telescope.Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1997AJ....114.1623F&db_key=AST A consolidated catalogue of lambda Bootis starslambda Bootis stars challenge our understanding of diffusion andaccretion processes related to stars and their circumstellarenvironment, and they are interesting components of the classicalinstability strip. Attempts to derive group properties with statisticalmethods are severely limited by the small number of unambiguouslyidentified lambda Bootis stars. In general, the subject appears to beobscured by incorrect memberships and it is therefore essential toprovide a sufficiently large catalogue of definitive group membersbefore modeling the lambda Bootis phenomenon. This paper describes thefirst steps towards this goal, based on our current knowledge of wellinvestigated members, leading to a concise definition of lambda Bootisstars: {Pop I hydrogen burning metal poor (except of C,N,O and S) A-typestars.} The definition does not depend on phenomenological features,like flux depressions, colour excesses, v sin i values, etc. Based on anew homogeneous catalogue with 45 lambda Bootis stars, we discussclassification criteria which can be used for a spectroscopic andphotometric all-sky survey for lambda Bootis stars in the field and inclusters of different ages. Based on observations obtained atESO-La,Silla, CTIO, Observatoire de Haute-Provence, OsservatorioAstronomico di Padua-Asiago, Univ. Toronto Southern Observatory,Observatorio do Pico dos Dias-LNA/CNPq/MCT (Brazil). Table 1 is alsoavailable in electronic form at the CDS via anonymous ftp tocdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/Abstract.html. ICCD Speckle Observations of Binary Stars. XII. Measurements During 1984-1986 From the Perkins 1.8 M TelescopeAbstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1996AJ....111..393A&db_key=AST The Relation between Rotational Velocities and Spectral Peculiarities among A-Type StarsAbstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1995ApJS...99..135A&db_key=AST A catalog of far-ultraviolet point sources detected with the fast FAUST Telescope on ATLAS-1We list the photometric measurements of point sources made by the FarUltraviolet Space Telescope (FAUST) when it flew on the ATLAS-1 spaceshuttle mission. The list contains 4698 Galactic and extragalacticobjects detected in 22 wide-field images of the sky. At the locationssurveyed, this catalog reaches a limiting magnitude approximately afactor of 10 fainter than the previous UV all-sky survey, TDl. Thecatalog limit is approximately 1 x 10-14 ergs A sq cm/s,although it is not complete to this level. We list for each object theposition, FUV flux, the error in flux, and where possible anidentification from catalogs of nearby stars and galaxies. Thesecatalogs include the Michigan HD (MHD) and HD, SAO, the HIPPARCOS InputCatalog, the Position and Proper Motion Catalog, the TD1 Catalog, theMcCook and Sion Catalog of white dwarfs, and the RC3 Catalog ofGalaxies. We identify 2239 FAUST sources with objects in the stellarcatalogs and 172 with galaxies in the RC3 catalog. We estimate thenumber of sources with incorrect identifications to be less than 2%. ICCD speckle observations of binary stars. X - A further survey for duplicity among the bright starsSpeckle interferometric observations are reported for 1123 starsselected from the Yale Bright Star Catalogue (BSC) in a continuingeffort to detect new binaries among the bright stars. Thirty-twopreviously unresolved binaries have been detected, including companionsto Xi UMa and 15 S Mon. Measures of 107 previously resolved systems,many of which resulted from earlier speckle observations, are alsopresented. No evidence of duplicity within a specific (m, Delta-m, rho)window of detectability was found for 984 bright stars. Many of thesystems discovered earlier have shown significant orbital motions, andwe present preliminary orbital elements for six binaries. This efforthas resulted in the discovery of 75 new, bright binaries. We considersome aspects of the duplicity frequencies among the diverse spectral andluminosity classes represented in this sample. We anticipate that thecompletion of a speckle survey of the BSC would lead to the discovery ofat least 200 additional binary systems with angular separations mostlybelow 0.20 arcsec. Many of these will have periods of the order of onedecade and will be accessible to complementary radial velocity programsof enhanced precision. Catalogue of Lambda Bootis CandidatesNot Available ICCD speckle observations of binary stars. V - Measurements during 1988-1989 from the Kitt Peak and the Cerro Tololo 4 M telescopesAbstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1990AJ.....99..965M&db_key=AST ICCD speckle observations of binary stars. IV - Measurements during 1986-1988 from the Kitt Peak 4 M telescopeOne thousand five hundred and fifty measurements of 1006 binary starsystems observed mostly during 1986 through mid-1988 by means of speckleinterferometry with the KPNO 4-m telescope are presented. Twenty-onesystems are directly resolved for the first time, including newcomponents to the cool supergiant Alpha Her A and the Pleiades shellstar Pleione. A continuing survey of The Bright Star Catalogue yieldedeight new binaries from 293 bright stars observed. Corrections tospeckle measures from the GSU/CHARA ICCD speckle camera previouslypublished are presented and discussed. The spectral classification of the Lambda Bootis starsThe spectroscopic characteristics of the Lambda Bootis (LB) stars arereexamined with the purpose of proposing a more precise workingdefinition for the LB class. The LB stars are found to be amorphologically distinct set of apprently metal-poor A-type stars,characterized by broad, but often shallow hydrogen-line wings and weakMg II 4481-A lines. The observations reported in this paper suggest thatthe LB class is most likely comprised almost entirely of dwarfs. Inaddition, the LB stars divide naturally into two groups, those withnormal hydrogen-line profiles and those with peculiar hydrogen-lineprofiles. The problem of distinguishing between the LB stars and thepopulation II stars using spectral-classification techniques isexamined. The characteristics of the LB stars in the uvby-beta systemare discussed, and the possibility that the LB stars form a bimodaldistribution with the normal A-type stars in the b-y, m1 plane isconsidered. UBV Photoelectric Photometry Catalogue (1986). III Errors and Problems on DM and HD StarsNot Available Micrometer observations of double stars and new pairs. XIIIFrom a program of double star observations which emphasizes orbital,neglected, and newly discovered pairs, results obtained from October1984 to January 1987 are presented. A total of 3030 visual and 550photographic measures are listed. The positions in WDS format andDurchmusterung numbers are shown for 117 pairs for which firstobservations appear in this paper. Magnitudes are estimated for some ofthe objects. ICCD speckle observations of binary stars. II - Measurements during 1982-1985 from the Kitt Peak 4 M telescopeThis paper represents the continuation of a systematic program of binarystar speckle interferometry initiated at the 4 m telescope on Kitt Peakin late 1975. Between 1975 and 1981, the observations were obtained witha photographic speckle camera, the data from which were reduced byoptical analog methods. In mid-1982, a new speckle camera employing anintensified charge-coupled device as the detector continued the programand necessitated the development of new digital procedures for reducingand analyzing speckle data. The camera and the data-processingtechniques are described herein. This paper presents 2780 newmeasurements of 1012 binary and multiple star systems, including thefirst direct resolution of 64 systems, for the interval 1982 through1985. The calibration of interferometrically determined properties of binary starsWith the advent of speckle interferometry, high angular resolution hasbegun to play a routine role in the study of binary stars. Speckle andother interferometric techniques not only bring enhanced resolution tothis classic and fundamental field but provide an equally important gainin observational accuracy. These methods also offer the potential forperforming accurate differential photometry for binary stars of verysmall angular separation. This paper reviews the achievements of moderninterferometric techniques in measuring stellar masses and luminositiesand discusses the special calibration problems encountered in binarystar interferometry. The future possibilities for very high angularresolution studies of close binaries are also described. Standard stars for binary-star interferometryA list of 26 binary-star systems is presented and it is proposed thatthey be adopted as standards by all interferometric observers of binarystars. This will permit the discovery and elimination of systematiceffects among observers and will also provide a readily available meansof calibration. Interferometer observations of double stars. IIPosition angles and separations of 83 visual binaries have been measuredwith a photoelectric phase-grating interferometer on a 1-m reflector.Twenty pairs deviate significantly from the ephemerides; nine starsremain unresolved. The magnitude limit of the interferometer iscalculated from the measured seeing and found to agree with the actuallimit of about nine magnitudes. Speckle interferometric measurements of binary stars. VIIAbstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1982ApJS...49..267M&db_key=AST Speckle interferometric measurements of binary stars. VIThree hundred and fifty-four measurements of 169 binary stars observedby means of speckle interferometry with the 2.1 m telescope at KPNO arepresented. Measured separations range from 0.066 to 4.09 arcsec. Thepreviously unknown binary HD 46100 is resolved for the first time. Visual multiples. VII - MK classificationsClassifications are given for 865 components of visual multiples; theyshow no systematic differences from the MK system, and the random errorsare one subclass in type and two-thirds of a luminosity class. It isfound that at least 1% of the F-type IV and V stars are weak-lined, 32%of the A4-F1 IV and V stars are Am, and 5% of the A0-A3 IV and V starsare early-type Am. Attention is called to the large fraction (55%) ofthe A3-A9 III-V stars that are of luminosity classes III or IV, unlikethe percentage (16%) at neighboring types.
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