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Infrared Observations of Galaxies in the Local Universe. II. 391 Calibrated Images with Photometric and Structural Measurements
This paper presents empirical results from a deep imaging survey ofgalaxies in the local universe at the J and Ks wavelengths.Three hundred ninety-one images have been obtained and calibrated usingthe same camera and filter set with the Steward Observatory 1.6 m KuiperTelescope on Mount Bigelow and the 2.3 m Bok Telescope on Kitt Peak. Thelimiting magnitude is typically 22 mag arcsec-1 at J and 21mag arcsec-1 at Ks. The central surfacebrightness, apparent magnitudes, sizes, scale lengths, and inclinationsare tabulated from measurements made using these data. The purpose ofthis paper is to provide basic near-infrared data on a variety of galaxytypes.
| Physical Coupling of Kazarian Galaxies with Surrounding Galaxies
Results from a statistical study of Kazarian galaxies and the objectssurrounding them are presented. It is shown that: (1) the sample ofKazarian galaxies up to 16m.0 is complete. (2) Roughly 35.7% of theKazarian galaxies are members of clusters, 14.0% of groups, and 13.6% ofbinary systems, while 36.7% are single galaxies. (3) Of the 580 Kazariangalaxies, roughly 61.2% are infrared, 8.8% radio, and 2.8% x-raysources. (4) The relative numbers of Kazarian galaxies for completesamples of I, R, and X in the different groups are systematically higherthan the corresponding numbers for samples of all Kazarian galaxies.
| Arcsecond Positions of UGC Galaxies
We present accurate B1950 and J2000 positions for all confirmed galaxiesin the Uppsala General Catalog (UGC). The positions were measuredvisually from Digitized Sky Survey images with rms uncertaintiesσ<=[(1.2")2+(θ/100)2]1/2,where θ is the major-axis diameter. We compared each galaxymeasured with the original UGC description to ensure high reliability.The full position list is available in the electronic version only.
| Infrared Observations of Galaxies in the Local Universe. I. The Survey and Some Representative Results
This paper introduces a continuing survey of galaxies in the localuniverse. Consistent deep images are being acquired for a representativesample of 321 galaxies in the Uppsala General Catalogue down to 21.7 magarcsec-2 at Ks (2.16 mu m) and 22.4 mag arcsec-2 at J (1.25 mu m) usinga NICMOS camera with a 3.'8 x 3.'8 field of view attached to the 61 inch(1.5 m) telescope on Mount Bigelow. We provide some examples of theresults being obtained by employing 64 deep images of a subset of 44galaxies. Bulge-to-disk ratios are tabulated for 30 galaxies. Thebrightness of the central region of 44 galaxies declines approximately 5mag from Hubble type S0 to Sm. An exponential vertical scale height atKs is found to be 500 pc for the disk of UGC 5173. Arm amplitudes offour nearly face-on spiral galaxies are found to range between 11% and88% compared to the interarm region. There is some evidence that the armamplitude is larger at Ks than it is at J. Color gradients are measuredfor 15 galaxies with only one showing a significant nonzero result. Ameasurement of galactic symmetry applied to 64 deep images reveals anaverage asymmetry of 7.6% ( sigma = 4.6%) for these galaxies.
| Morphological classification of new galaxies with a UV excess
The results of a morphological classification of 580 galaxies with a UVexcess, included in the lists in [M. A. Kazarian, Astrofizika,15, 5(1979); ibid.,15, 193 (1979); M. A. Kazarian and É. S. Kazarian,ibid.,16, 17 (1980); ibid.,18, 512 (1982); ibid.,19, 213 (1983)], arepresented. For this we have developed a set of symbols, using the typesE, S, and Ir introduced by Hubble, as well as symbols introduced byother authors and us. This set enabled us to make the morphologicalclassification. Direct photographs obtained on the 2.6-m and 6-mtelescopes were used to classify 141 of the galaxies (over 24%), whilePalomar Atlas charts were used for the remaining 439 galaxies. Thesegalaxies were divided into two groups based on classificationconditions, and data on each group are given in Tables 1 and 2,respectively. The results for each group, given in Table 3, show thatwith the transition from early types, such as C and E, to later types,such as S and Ir, the relative number of galaxies going into one group(Table 1), in which the classification was based on direct photographs,increases in comparison with the number going into the other group(Table 2).
| Globular cluster photometry with the Hubble Space Telescope. 2: U, V, and I measurements of M15
The projected density distribution of resolved stars near the center ofM15 is shown to be consistent with either a power-law cusp N(r)approximately ralpha, with alpha approximately -0.85 +/- 0.2,or with a King model with a core of radius approximately less than 2sec. The inferred slope is in agreement with the theoretical value,alpha = -0.75, calculated by Bahcall and Wolf for the distribution ofequal-mass stars surrounding a massive black hole and is also consistentwith the radial profile expected from core collapse without a centralblack hole. The object AC 214 is a candidate for the central densitycusp. Analysis of Monte Carlo simulations of the diffuse light indicatesthat, using current analysis techniques and available data, the residuallight is not a reliable indicator of the true density distribution. Thisis contrary to earlier work. Photometric measurements in V and I of morethan 5 x 103 stars (and in U, V, and I of approximatelygreater than 1500 stars) are used to construct color-magnitude diagramsin the central 1 min of M15. Fourteen blue straggler candidates areidentified in the inner 20 sec. The central color gradient noticed byprevious researchers is caused by a central depletion of bright redgiant stars rather than an excess of blue stragglers or blue horizontalbranch stars.
| HI observations of galaxies in nearby Zwicky clusters
The results of a long term project of H I observations of galaxieswithin the boundaries of nearby Zwicky clusters are presented. Thedetection rate is rather low (233 out of 618, i.e., 38 percent) ascompared to other surveys carried out recently. Most of the radialvelocities of the detected galaxies are new determinations. The largespread in radial velocities for many of these clusters is a strongindication for the presence of several foreground and/or backgroundgalaxies.
| The evolution modulus of globular clusters
Observational data on 14 globular clusters are interpreted in theframework of von Hoerner's (1976) theory. The center, core, and halo ofthe clusters are well-defined; all 14 clusters have an evolution modulesof W = 0.74, and are in the first stage of dynamical evolution. Theobserved halo surface-brightness distribution confirms the theoreticalprediction, but deviation from theory is considerable for the core.
| Morphological investigation of galaxies with ultraviolet excess
Large-scale photographs of 43 galaxies with UV excess from the lists ofKazarian (1979) and Kazarian and Kazarian (1980), obtained in 25-minexposures at 20 arcsec/mm with the 2.6-m reflector at BiurakanAstrophysical Observatory during summer, 1980, are presented andcharacterized in terms of morphology. The majority of the galaxies arefound to have well defined nuclear regions or condensations; about 60percent are classified as spirals, 25 percent as ellipticals, and 15percent as compact. Isodensity charts of eight galaxies are included.
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